Creating flag variations

Read time: 6 minutes

Last edited: May 01, 2024

Overview

This topic explains how to create and edit your feature flag's variations and outlines the different types of flag variations.

Flag variations are the same across all environments in a project. Flag targeting is environment-specific. For example, if you add a new flag variation, it is immediately available in all environments in your project. If you change the default targeting rule to serve a different variation, the targeting change only applies to the current environment. To learn more, read Configure the same flag in different environments.

Feature flag variations determine what a context or user receives when they encounter a feature flag.

Try it in your SDK: Evaluating flags

Flag variations

LaunchDarkly supports boolean and multivariate flags. From the flag's targeting page, you can add, edit, or delete variations of existing flags:

Boolean flags have two variations: true or false.
Multivariate flags can have more than two variations. The allowed variations depend on the type of flag. Multivariate flags can have string, number, or JSON variations. To learn more, read Multivariate flags.

Changing variation types

After a feature flag has been created, you cannot change the type of its variations. For example, you can't edit a feature flag that returns numbers to make it return strings instead. To learn more about creating flags, read Creating new flags.

Here is the "Variations" section of a multivariate flag's right sidebar:

When you add, edit, or delete a feature flag's variations, the change impacts all environments within the project.

Deleting variations

When you delete a variation, individual targeting and custom rules that return that variation are also deleted. If a custom rule has a percentage rollout, the rollout for that variation is set to zero. If the default rule returns the deleted variation, it will change to return the default off value instead.

LaunchDarkly allows you to delete variations that are designated to be served when targeting is off. Make sure that your application is able to handle a null value when targeting is off in case this happens.

Change default flag values

When you create a feature flag, some of its values are designated as defaults. A flag's default values are the values that are served when targeting is on or off, unless you specify otherwise. The default value when a flag is On can be either a single variation or a rollout. The default value when a flag is Off can be only a single variation.

For example, a boolean flag could have true set as its default rule when on and false set as its default off variation. A multivariate flag could have variation 2 set as its default rule when on and variation 1 set as its default off variation, with variation 3 and variation 4 configured to appear when contexts match certain targeting rules.

Default values are designated automatically every time you create a feature flag. You can accept the default values or change them. When you change the default values and save a flag, you create the flag across all environments in your project with these values set as its defaults.

Here is an image of a flag's default values:

The default variations when creating a flag.

To change a flag's default values for new environments:

Click the pencil edit icon next to "Variations" in the flag's right sidebar. The "Variations" page opens.
In the "Default variations for new environments" section, update the variations as needed.
Click Review and save.

Editing default values only impacts new environments

If you modify a flag's default values, the updated defaults only apply to new environments. You can not change the default values in environments that already exist.

Multivariate flags

Multivariate flags let you use one flag to serve more than two variations of a feature simultaneously. There is no limit to the number of variations you can add to a multivariate flag, making it useful for complex use cases and for managing multiple variations of a feature.

Do not edit flag variations that are in use

Do not edit the values of flag variations that are in use. Flag variations are global across all environments within a project. This means that editing the value of a flag variation can have unexpected consequences in other environments, particularly your production environments.

Instead, create a new variation with the new value, and update your targeting rules to serve the new variation where needed.

Multivariate flag variation types include string, number, and JSON. To learn more, read Understanding flag types in the SDK documentation.

You can use a percentage rollout to refine the rollout of a feature. For example, a multivariate flag that serves strings as variations can be used to enable different customer checkout types, serving a percentage rollout of those types to customers. In this example, the default rule serves one-click checkout to 10% of customers, two-click checkout to 10% of customers, and the original checkout flow to 80% of customers.

Here is an image of a flag with a percentage rollout:

You can use custom rules to target multiple sets of contexts and refine a rollout even more. In this next example, the first rule serves two-click checkout to all customers whose country is US. The second rule targets customers whose email ends with .edu and serves one-click checkout to 10%, two-click checkout to 10%, and the original checkout flow to 80% of those customers. All customers who are not targeted in the custom rules are served the default rule.

Here is an image of a flag with custom rules:

To learn more about targeting rules, read Targeting rules.

You can also use multivariate flags to perform testing with LaunchDarkly's Experimentation feature. To learn more, read Creating Experiments.